Chromosome 18, Monosomy 18p is a rare chromosomal disorder in which all or part of the short arm (p) of chromosome 18 is deleted. The disorder is typically characterized by short stature, variable degrees of mental retardation, speech delays, craniofacial malformations, and/or additional physical abnormalities.

What happens when chromosome 18 is missing?

Chromosome 18, Monosomy 18p is a rare chromosomal disorder in which all or part of the short arm (p) of chromosome 18 is deleted. The disorder is typically characterized by short stature, variable degrees of mental retardation, speech delays, craniofacial malformations, and/or additional physical abnormalities.

What disorder is on chromosome 18?

Edwards syndrome, also known as trisomy 18, is a very severe genetic condition that affects how your child’s body develops and grows. Children diagnosed with trisomy 18 have a low birth weight, multiple birth defects and defining physical characteristics.

What happens to an individual with a monosomy of chromosome 18?

In many cases, those with Chromosome 18 Ring are affected by mental retardation; low muscle tone (hypotonia); growth retardation; and/or malformations of the skull and facial (craniofacial) region.

What is the rarest chromosome?

Chromosome 10, distal trisomy 10q is an extremely rare chromosomal disorder in which part of the end (distal) portion of the long arm (q) of one chromosome 10 is duplicated. Chromosomes, which are present in the nucleus of human cells, carry the genetic information for each individual.

What is Edwards Patau syndrome?

Babies with Down’s syndrome, Edwards’ syndrome or Patau’s syndrome are born to mothers of all ages but the chance of having a baby with one of the conditions increases as the mother gets older. They are all caused by having an extra copy of a chromosome in some or all cells of the body.

What is chromosomal microdeletion?

1 microdeletion is a chromosomal change in which a small piece of chromosome 1 is deleted in each cell. The deletion occurs on the long (q) arm of the chromosome in a region designated q21.

What causes chromosome microdeletion?

This condition has an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance, which means the deletion occurs on one copy of chromosome 3 in each cell. Most cases of 3q29 microdeletion syndrome result from a new (de novo) chromosomal change and occur in people with no history of the deletion in their family.