What is glucuronidation metabolism?

n. a metabolic process by which drugs or other substances are combined with glucuronic acid to form more water-soluble compounds, which are more readily excreted by the kidneys or in bile. Glucuronidation is the most prevalent of the Phase II reactions of drug metabolism.

What is biotransformation explain with example?

Biotransformation is a metabolic process that takes place mainly in the liver and helps to facilitate the excretion of both exogenous and endogenous substances. A series of reactions alter the chemical structures of these substances.

What are xenobiotics and their examples?

Xenobiotic is a term used to describe chemical substances that are foreign to animal life and thus includes such examples as plant constituents, drugs, pesticides, cosmetics, flavorings, fragrances, food additives, industrial chemicals and environmental pollutants.

What is non microsomal reaction?

Non microsomal enzymes are non specific enzymes that catalyse few oxidative, a no. of reductive & hydrolytic rections and. also conjugation reaction other than glucouronidation. They are presence in cytoplasm and mitochondria of hepatic cells as well as in other tissues including plasma.

What is the effect of glucuronidation?

The human body uses glucuronidation to make a large variety of substances more water-soluble, and, in this way, allow for their subsequent elimination from the body through urine or feces (via bile from the liver). Hormones are glucuronidated to allow for easier transport around the body.

What is biotransformation in toxicology?

Biotransformation is the process by which a substance changes from one chemical to another (transformed) by a chemical reaction within the body. Metabolism or metabolic transformations are terms frequently used for the biotransformation process.

What is the best definition of biotransformation?

: the transformation of chemical compounds within a living system.

What are the types of xenobiotics?

They are highly toxic or release toxic products due to microbial activity. 5. They have large molecular weight which prevents entry to microbial cells….

• Halocarbons.
• Poly chlorinated Biphenyls (PCB’s):
• Synthetic Polymers:
• Alkylhenzyl Sulphonates:
• Oil Mixtures:

What are microsomal and non-microsomal enzymes?

➢Microsomal enzymes are inducible by drugs, diet and other agencies. B. Non-microsomal enzymes: ➢These are present in the cytoplasm and mitochondria of hepatic cells as well as in other tissues including plasma.