Hoffman elimination is a temperature and pH-dependent process and is slowed by acidosis and hypothermia. The remainder is metabolized via ester hydrolysis by non-specific esterases in the plasma that are unrelated to pseudocholinesterase. A drop in pH enhances the rate of ester hydrolysis.

What is Hofmann elimination in pharmacology?

Hoffman elimination is a temperature and pH-dependent process and is slowed by acidosis and hypothermia. The remainder is metabolized via ester hydrolysis by non-specific esterases in the plasma that are unrelated to pseudocholinesterase. A drop in pH enhances the rate of ester hydrolysis.

How is atracurium excreted?

Less than 5% of atracurium is excreted in the urine. Laudanosine is hepatically and renally eliminated and has a significantly longer elimination half-life than atracurium (197 minutes). [7] Therefore, it can potentially accumulate with prolonged atracurium infusion.

How is nimbex cleared?

It shows intermediate duration of action. Cisatracurium is one of the ten isomers of the parent molecule, atracurium….Cisatracurium besilate.

How is atracurium metabolized?

Atracurium is primarily metabolized by nonspecific esters (ester hydrolysis) and is spontaneously decomposed by Hofmann degradation. Both processes are sensitive to pH and temperature. Deficient or abnormal butyryl cholinesterases have no effect on atracurium degradation.

What is Hofmann elimination example?

An example of a Hofmann elimination (not involving a contrast between a Zaitsev product and a Hofmann product) is the synthesis of trans-cyclooctene….

What is Hofmann elimination atracurium?

Atracurium is a new neuromuscular blocking agent which has an unique mode of elimination by spontaneous degradation in slightly alkali solution, according to the Hofmann elimination. The Hofmann elimination is completed in plasma (in vitro or in vivo) by an ester hydrolysis.

What is the antidote for atracurium?

Once evidence of spontaneous recovery is present, the neuromuscular block produced by atracurium besilate can be rapidly reversed by standard doses of anticholinesterase agents, such as neostigmine and edrophonium, accompanied or preceded by atropine or glycopyrrolate, with no evidence of recurarisation.

What is Hofmann elimination cisatracurium?

Hofmann elimination, an organ independent elimination pathway, occurs in plasma and tissue, and is responsible for approximately 77% of the overall elimination of cisatracurium besilate.

Which of the following drugs undergoes Hofmann elimination?

Atracurium, a nondepolarizing muscle relaxant, is eliminated through several pathways, including Hofmann elimination (spontaneous degradation in plasma and tissue at normal body pH and temperature) and ester hydrolysis (catalysis by nonspecific esterases).

What is Hofmann elimination of atracurium?

Is there an antidote for atracurium?